Advantages And Disadvantages Of Networked Medium Information Technology Essay

Advantages And Dis receiptss Of Ne 2rked Medium Information Technology EssayBus ne cardinalrks use a common backb integrity to connect all(a) devices. A single cable, the backbone functions as a shargond dialogue medium that devices attach or tap into with an interface connector. A device missing to communicate with a nonher device on the network sends a broadcast message onto the wire that all other devices slang, but only the intended recipient actually accepts and processes the message.Ring topographic anatomyIn a ring network, every device has exactly two neighbors for communication purposes. All messages travel through a ring in the same direction. A failure in some(prenominal) cable or device breaks the loop and can appropriate down the full network.Star topologyMany home networks use the star topology. A star network features a central participation aspire called a hub that whitethorn be ahub,switchor roadwayr. Devices typically connect to the hub with Unshielded ki nky P tenor (UTP) Ethernet.Compargond to the bus topology, a star network generally requires more(prenominal) cable, but a failure in any star network cable volition only take down one computers network assenting and not the entire LAN.b) Advantages and disadvantages of each medium.Network medium is the physical channel that used for transmission in the network. The types of the medium areWireFiberairWireUTP cable is a medium that is composed of pairs of wires.UTP cable is used in a variety of networks. Each of the eight soulfulness copper wires in UTP cable is c all overed by an insulating material. In addition, the wires in each pair are twisted around each other.FiberLong distance distinguish transmission.Large Bandwidth, Light Weight, and Small DiameterLong LengthsEasy Installation and UpgradesNon-ConductivitySecurityDesigned for Future Applications NeedsAirMobility.Elimination of unsightly cables.c) testimony for topology and medium to useTopologyFigure 1.1 Star topolog yWe assume the star topology for this in-house network. Because the star topology is most popular topology for in-house network (LAN). Also we can be benefit by using the star topology in a LAN.BenefitsInformation can be comfortably shared allowing for quick and informed decisions to be make, saving time and money.A more productive and competitive environment is achieved through greater teamwork at bottom the organization.Network- ground communication such(prenominal) as email is considerably cheaper than using the promise or fax and sharing resources such as printers gives more efficient use of equipment at lower constitutes.Standard versions of procedures and directories can be made get toible to everyone.IT administration can be centralised.Data can be backed-up from a single point on a scheduled basis ensuring consistency.MediumFigure1.2 WI-FI networkWe select the WI-FI for this in-house network. BecauseMobility.Elimination of unsightly cables. fuss Identification assess 2 10 labelInvestigate the lucre connection requirements for the Fire Department.a) Describe the Internet run that may be required.b) Explain the connection speeds that are suitable for these requirements.c) Find examples of Internet Service Providers (ISPs) that can meet these requirements in your country.d) Make a recommendation to use one ISP based upon the services offered and price charged.Solution of Task 2a) Hardware and Software RequirementsComputer with either Windows 95, Windows 98, Windows ME, Windows XP Professional, Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, or Windows Server 2003 installed.A CD-ROM drive for the installation compact disc.Adequate disk space for the informationbase, blood objects, and Web pages 10 MB free space minimum.Transmission Control communications protocol/Internet Protocol installed.A network adapter card and topical anesthetic area network connection.An Internet connection and Internet Protocol address from your Internet Service Provider.Network Adapt er board.Figure 2.1 Intranet network systemb) nexus speeds requirements512 for upload is standard connection for sound only, the much required is 138 kbps, means that 512 138 = 374 kbps free for chat or image. Usually, download upload is possible for internet supplier to accommodate engross server and in this situation you pass on be connected from phone standard specify, with smaller speed.So in this system it demands 512 kbps connection speed.c) Examples of Internet Service Providers in our countryBrack net.Zip.Qubee.Grameen phone Internet.Bangla lion.Recommendation to use the ISP In this system we select Qubee as out ISP because,Qubee has the solution which is fast and reliable. very(prenominal) much live effective.More then it is driven by WI-MAX engineering science.And obviously it is portable. there package,Monthly Usage AllowanceSpeed5GB10GBSky256 KbpsBDT 850BDT 950BDT 1,250512 KbpsBDT 1,250BDT 1,450BDT 2,2501MbpsBDT 2,250BDT 2,750BDT 5,250andQubee ModemTk. 3,000Mod em Installation fall by the waysideFirst months fee kick inable at the time of signupProblem IdentificationTask 3 30 MarksInvestigate the methods the Fire Department could experience for two-way voice communications. As a minimum include the following informationa) How each method works (frequencies, full/half duplex, etc).b) Details of the licit requirements for operating the system in your country.c) apostrophizes of get dressedting up and operating the system, including licensing costs, equipment costs, etc.d) Limitations of each method.Provide a recommendation for how voice communications should be set up and run including reasons for this recommendation.Solution of Task 3Method of full/half duplex systemHalf-DuplexAhalf-duplexsystem houses for communication in both(prenominal) directions, but only one direction at a time. naturally, once a party begins receiving a signal, it mustiness wait for the vector to occlusive transmitting, before replying.An example of a hal f-duplex system is a two-party system such as a walkie-talkie style two-way radio, wherein one must use Over or some other previously designated command to indicate the end of transmission, and ensure that only one party transmits at a time, because both parties transmit on the same frequency.A good analogy for a half-duplex system would be a one lane road with traffic harbourlers at each end. Traffic can flow in both directions, but only one direction at a time with this being set by the traffic controllers.Full-DuplexAfull-duplexsystem allows communication in both directions, and unlike half-duplex, allows this to happen simultaneously. Land-line telephone networks are full-duplex since they allow both callers to speak and be heard at the same time. A good analogy for afull-duplexsystem would be a two-lane road with one lane for each direction.ExamplesTelephone,Mobile Phone, etc.Two way radios can be, for instance, designed as full-duplex systems, which transmit on one frequenc y and receive on a incompatible frequency. This is as well called frequency-division duplex. Frequency-division-duplex systems can be extended to farther distances using pairs of simple repeater stations, owing to the fact that the communications transmitted on any one frequency always travel in the same direction.Full-duplex Ethernet connections work by making simultaneous use of all four physical pairs of twisted cable, where two pairs are used for receiving packets and two pairs are used for sending packets, to a directly connected device. This effectively makes the cable itself a collision-free environment and theoretically duplicate the maximum bandwidth that can be supported by the connection.There are several benefits to using full duplex over half duplex. First, time is not wasted since no frames need to be retransmitted as there are no collisions. Secondly, full bandwidth is available in both directions because send and receive functions are separated. Third, stations/no de do not have to wait until other operations complete their transmission as there is only one transmitter for each twisted pair.Legal requirements for operating the system in our country1.1 As per the national frequency allocation purpose 2005 (nfap 2005), spectrum from the ism band in 2.4000-2.4835 ghz and 5.725-5.875 ghz is allocated for wi-fi use.1.2. devil to the spectrum will be on shared basis. There will be no exclusive assignment to any individual or organizations, whether for private, public or commercial use.1.3. Any government or private organization/educational institution/corporate body can imbed and use wi-fi network on non commercial/non-profit basis.1.4. Household/private users are not required to take any permission from the counseling or pay any levy/charge for using wi-fi in the given ism band.1.5. Both indoor and outdoor wi-fi is permitted in the given spectrum of ism band. However, the maximum personnel output for the wi-fi equipment is limited to 1 watt.1 .6. All commercial wi-fi hotspot operators/service providers shall possess an isp or equivalent license (e.g., bwa license). Existing operators having such license from the commission will be eligible to establish wi-fi network for providing last mile solution.1.7. Operators/service providers will submit a detailed list of wi-fi outdoor hotspots to the commission. There will be levy/charges applicable annually for all hotspots. the levy/charge shall be charged as per the rate list published by the commission.1.8. All service providers will obtain permission in the form of no objection certificate (noc) from the commission for importation, deployment, use and providing any service with wi-fi equipment. rule of thumb for application and application form is available at http//www.btrc.gov.bd. Existing ism band operators who wish to adapt their present wi-fi equipment for the same purpose may as well be provided permission from the commission on case by case basis.1.9. All venders in possession of dealer possession and radio communication equipment vendor license issued by the commission are eligible to apply for noc for importation and marketing of wi-fi equipment in Bangladesh.1.10. The commission reserves the right to cancel the permission if any complication arises anytime.c) Costs of setting up and operating the system, including licensing costs, equipment costsThe cost of operating the systemThe cost of operating the systemPurposeCost01.1pr compensate connect wire wh/red red/white 1m feet3000/=02.Programming cable for air-phone1500/=03.IP network station port35000/=04.Controller card f/60 units non scrolling25000/=05.Pc-console- software package50000/=06.Access control keypad f/jb-dv12000/=07.Video monitor15000/=08.Human (per/month)5000/=12.Total14,6,500/=Table-3.1The cost of operating the systemThe cost of equipmentsThe cost of equipmentsequipments footing01.handset spare part f/ie1gd1500/=02.Complete handset f/men-na3000/=03.Pc-380 select switch pc f/a p-m1500/=04.Ja av modulator12000/=05.Color mem vandal set50000/=06.Access control keypad f/jb-dv12000/=07.Door station adaptor f/ 1 door5000/=08.C.o. audible ringer5000/=09.Calling switch5000/=10.Single line railcar phone dialer5000/=11.Power adapter1000/=12.Total10,1,000/=Table-3.2 The cost of equipmentsLimitations of each methodDuring the time when one wave passes through another we say that the wavesinterfere. It is rightfully not correct to say that the waves collide or hit, although this is often how such an interaction is termed.When thecrestof one wave passes through, or issuper positionedupon, thecrestof another wave, we say that the wavesconstructively interfere. Constructive interference in like manner occurs when thetroughof one wave is super positioned upon thetroughof another wave.During any wave interference the variant of the medium is determined by the sum of the separate amplitudes of each wave. We often say that when waves interfere, amplitudes add.Using the ar row buttons step through the above animation to see how the amplitudes add during constructive interference. Notice that in this animation the crest of the red wave constructively interferes with the crest of the blue wave.Recommendation for voice communications set upWireless Fidelity, better known as Wi-Fi, is a term used to describe the underlying technology of wireless local area networks based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 802.11 standards. Initially intended to connect mobile computing devices in local area networks, Wi-Fi applications have grown to include heterogeneous data, voice, and video services such as Internet access and Voice over Internet Protocol.Wi-Fi technology platform is based on single-carrier direct-sequence spread spectrum and multi-carrier smart Frequency Division Multiplexing radio technologies to transmit and receive signals.Wi-Fi is more commonly used in point-to-multipoint environments to allow extended network connectivity of multiple portable devices such as laptops, telephones, or PDAs. Wi-Fi also allows connectivity in point-to-point mode, which enables devices to directly connect and communicate to each other. A region covered by one or more APs is considered a hotspot. Home networks commonly deploy one AP that is typically connected directly to an Internet service provider , whereas larger networks may require at least several APs positioned in strategic locations to provide flexibility of service to a large number of users. Because of range constraints, Wi-Fi networks are used in localised regions.Figure 3.1 Common Wi-Fi NetworkWi-Fi can be used in conjunction with other emerging wireless technologies, such as Worldwide Interoperability for microwave Access (WiMAX) and Wireless Mesh Networking, to extend the coverage area of terrestrial networks and to provide high-speed mobile data and telecommunications services. For example, WiMAX can be used as a backhaul technology to connect multiple Wi-F i hotspots with each other and to other parts of the Internet. WiMAX describes the technology behind wireless networks based on the IEEE 802.16 standards.Wi-Fi technology has been highly utilized for many applications such as voice communications, video communications, and versatile data services. This section describes how Wi-Fi technology supports these applications.The expansion of telecommunications has spawned great need for new technologies to provide sought-after voice communication services. Internet telephony, better known as VoIP, is a technology that allows for transport of voice traffic using an Internet Protocol (IP) network infrastructure. VoIP and Internet telephony have come a long way since their inception, and with the impressive development of Wi-Fi technologies, the popularity of voice communications over wireless will continue to increase. Common VoIP networks consist of the hardware and software enabling the end users to leverage the Internet as the transmissi on medium for telephone calls. IEEE 802.11 Voice over Wi-Fi is the wireless version of this technology that is designed to work with wireless devices. VoWi-Fi solutions provide mobile users during critical missions with the ability to roam wirelessly.Typically, a VoWi-Fi user device will connect to an AP to authenticate to a designated VoIP network. Once associated to an AP and authenticated to the appropriate network, a user will have the capability of mobile voice communications crosswise enterprise networks, residential broadband networks, or even public/private hotspots. VoWi-Fi products are becoming more advanced and readily available to support various challenging short- and long-term voice service needs, such as in commercial, healthcare, private, and incident site environments.Given the steadily increasing demand for voice services and mobility, wired and wireless VoIP deployments continue to grow and final resultually will become more prevalent than traditional circuit swi tching voice systems. One advantage VoWi-Fi provides over traditional circuit-based voice communications is an ability to easily accommodate user growth in many different operating environments, through software configuration. Typically, physical attributes of circuit-switched voice systems can limit the flexibility of real-time configuration. Deploying a wireless VoIP system can provide significant savings in cost and deployment time when compared with other wireless voice communication solutions.Problem IdentificationTask 4 30 MarksInvestigate telephone systems available in your country for single-site organisations like the Fire Department. Pay particular attention toa) The main equipment that would be installed.b) The features available with each system.c) The cost of equipment and installation.d) The cost of operating the system.e) Provide a recommendation for which system to purchase including reasons for this recommendation.Solution of Task 4a) The main equipment that would be installedThe following equipments are generally installed through telephone systems2.4 GHz digital cordless voice transmission, the latest cordless technologyUp to 10 cordless handsets can share a single base stationUp to 20 voice mailboxes on a single systemSpeech recognition enables you to control your system with your voiceText to speech synthesis technology enables your system to read your e-mail to you over the phoneSmart call forwarding have your calls forwarded to you when youre on the roadConnects to your Windows computer to give you advanced merge messaging and computer telephony featuresb) Features available with each systemThe following features are available with the installed telephone systemsCall transportation system address Inward Dialing and Direct Outward DialingHuntingLine RestrictionStation Line IdentificationStation-to-Station Dialing Centrex with Voice MailAutomatic CallbackCall Forwarding-Busy LineCall Forwarding-Dont reactionCall ScreenCall TraceCall Wa iting-IncomingDirected Call PickupDirect Inward Dial to Direct Outward Dial TransferCall Transfer Transfers calls, even cellular calls, to another line either inside or outside your Centrex system.Direct Inward Dialing and Direct Outward Dialing Allows you to route calls directly or through an attendant.Hunting Automatically sends an incoming call from a busy line to the next designated line.Line Restriction Limits phone access on selected lines so that only authorized numbers or regions can be called.Station Line Identification Provides a detailed record of calls made by each Centrex station including start time, duration, and toll call numbers.Automatic Callback Allows a station user to be called when a previously busy stationbecomes idle.Call Forwarding-Busy Line Automatically reroutes calls to a designated station or your voice mail if your line is busy.Call Forwarding-Dont Answer Automatically reroute calls to another phone if you havent responded within a preset number of ri ngs.Call Screen Manages interruptions by having annoying or harassing calls diverted thisfeature allows up to ten customer-designated numbers to be routed directly to a prerecordedannouncement.Call Trace Allows you to alert the authorities with useful information when harassing orthreatening calls are made to your business.Call Waiting-Incoming Lets you take a second call if you are already on the line.Directed Call Pickup Lets you answer a fellow employees line (within the call tone arm group) without moving from your desk.Direct Inward Dial to Direct Outward Dial Transfer Allows you to transfer an incoming direct dialed call to another location, either within the Centrex system or to an outside company, residence, car phone, etc.- instead of having the caller hang up and dial the new number.c) The cost of equipment and installationFigure 4.1The cost of equipmentsequipmentsPrice01.Handset spare part f/ie1gd1500/=02.Complete handset f/men-na3000/=03.Pc-380 select switch pc f/ap-m1 500/=04.Ja av modulator12000/=05.Color mem vandal set50000/=06.Access control keypad f/jb-dv12000/=07.Door station adaptor f/ 1 door5000/=08.C.o. audible ringer5000/=09.Calling switch5000/=10.Single line auto phone dialer5000/=11.Power adapter1000/=12.Total101000/=Table-4.1 the cost of equipmentsd) The cost of operating the systemThe cost of operating the systemPurposeCost01.1pr cross connect wire wh/red red/white 1m feet3000/=02.Programming cable for air-phone1500/=03.IP network station port35000/=04.Controller card f/60 units non scrolling25000/=05.Pc-console-software50000/=06.Access control keypad f/jb-dv12000/=07.Video monitor15000/=08.Human (per/month)5000/=12.Total146500/=Table-4.2The cost of operating the systemProblem IdentificationTask 5 10 MarksThe Fire Department needs to remain operational in the event of a serious incident such as a major terrorist attack or war. Explain the measures you would put in place that would allow the Fire Department to operate in the event of Newtown having no electrical power and fixed telephone lines being broken.Solution of Task 5Disaster recovery plans are complex, and can ultimately take two years or more to complete. While this can be taken in one way as from a disaster recovery consultant, it also comes from experience.To make a plan for the fire department network to deal with major disastersand also to deal with the short term failure of the system fallowing topics are included1. Reason for Planningprotect human liferecover critical operationsprotect competitive positionpreserve customer arrogance and good will andprotect against litigation.2. Recognitioninitial reaction procedures to a disaster reportnotification procedures for police, fire, medical andnotification procedures for management.3. Reactionmobilizing the EMT (executive management team)file of initial damage assessment reports to the EMTassisting EMT in preparation of statements andopening a critical events log for audit purposes.4. Recoverymodifie d signing authority for equipment purchasesprocedures for acquiring cashprocedures for maintaining physical securityprocedures for arranging security at the damaged siteprocedures for finding and getting to the recovery center (maps) andprocedures for arranging security at the recovery center.5. Restorationcoordination of restoration of the original siterestoration of electronic equipmentreloading of softwarerestoration of power, UPS, common make systemsreplacement of fire suppression systemsrewiring of the buildingrestoring the LAN andrestoring the WAN connections.6. Return to Normaltesting procedures for new hardware and softwarewhat constitutes a successful test (before recommitting production) culture operations personneltraining employeesscheduling migration back to original site andcoordinating return to original site.7. Rest and Relaxschedule compensatory time off andmake visits to employees in rehab from stress.8. Re-evaluate and Re-Document revue your critical events logev aluate vendor performancerecognize extraordinary achievementspreparing final review and activity report andAid in liability assessments.Problem IdentificationTask 6 10 MarksCreate a comprehensive, professional report describing your network recommendations. This should include the details of Tasks 1 5, have estimates of cost throughout and have an executive summary at the start giving the key points.Solution of Task 6In this task I have Investigate the company telephone system requires a central switchboard for the whole building plus direct dialing into each individual member of the company. Typical modern telephone functions such as call waiting, conference calls, etc will be required.Investigate the in-house network (LAN) topology .In this network system we must select a topology and a medium thus we connect our network stations. Also we must provide a recommendation about the topology and media. attainable network topologies for each branch areBUSRINGSTARTo setup a company in tranet we need to consider the requirements for the media and connector in each implementation. This topic outlines the cable and connector specifications used to support network implementations.Network Media A star may be wired with twisted-pair ,coax or WI-FI.Recommended Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)Type Category 5 commonly know as CAT-5A plan for Advertising Agency network to deal with major disasters and also to deal with the short term failure of the system. It is important that the system can be updated after temporary failure and that data is accessible in the event of a major disaster. Problems are going to occur. Hardware is going to fail. Networks are going to crash. The best thing Advertising Agency can do is plan for the inevitable, implement as many disasters avoidance mechanisms possible and be ready to react quickly when necessary. Some key points includeImplementation physical data securityProtect critical systemsConclusionCompleting this work I have a good idea and experience about researching, creating reports, solving problems, on setup Local Area Network that I was required to complete for my assignment. During the completion of the work, I have to face many problems and I learn how to switch these problems. I hope in future this assignment will help anyone to improve their study on LAN and to apply it on real life.Bibliography